Variant angina pectoris

Variant (vasospastic) angina pectoris, or, as it is also called, Prinzmetal's angina pectoris, is characterized by the appearance of severe pain spasmodic attacks at night or before dawn. The symptoms of vasospastic angina are similar to the general symptoms, with the difference that the attack is poorly controlled and its duration is usually increased compared to the classic type to 15 minutes or more, up to half an hour. In addition to the general symptoms, headache and nausea may occur, accompanied by perspiration and paleness of the skin, increased blood pressure and abnormal heart rhythm, even fainting is possible.

This is a fairly rare type of disease in which seizures are caused by a sharp spasm of one of the main coronary arteries, in most cases not damaged by atherosclerosis, or at the very beginning of its development. Often, attacks of variant angina are provoked by factors such as hypothermia, overeating or drinking ice water, and smoking.

This type of angina is quite treatable.

Angina equivalents

In addition to the main symptoms that characterize angina, there are other signs of angina called angina equivalents. These include shortness of breath – a feeling of lack of air, difficulty in inhaling and exhaling, as well as severe muscle fatigue, even with little physical exertion.

In diabetic patients, the elderly, and women, angina pectoris can be accompanied by squeezing sensations, which sometimes are not even perceived as pain. At the same time, along with an attack, blood pressure may rise, the skin may turn pale and sweat, and the pulse rate may fluctuate — the patient feels that the heart is beating intermittently.

Risk of developing angina pectoris

The so-called modifiable and unmodifiable risk factors contribute to the development of angina pectoris. Unmodifiable risk factors are those that cannot be eliminated: gender, age, genetic predisposition, belonging to a particular race. Modified factors include existing risk factors for ischemia: smoking and alcohol abuse, overweight, stressful situations, hypertension, and impaired lipid metabolism. A passive lifestyle (avoiding any physical activity at all), concomitant diseases that have an aggravating effect on the course of ischemia also lead to the development of angina pectoris.

People suffering from stable angina pectoris should be aware that an insufficiently serious attitude to this disease is fraught with its transition to an unstable form, the development of myocardial infarction and/ or coronary death.

The risk of developing a heart attack in the case of vasospastic angina is low and directly depends on the degree of "slagging" of the coronary arteries and on how severe and prolonged the attack was. If the coronary arteries are not affected by atherosclerosis, then the risk of heart attack or mortality is half a percent per year, which is a completely insignificant indicator.

In the event that the seizures are severe and prolonged, they recur frequently, or Prinzmetal's angina pectoris, recorded for the first time, is accompanied by unstable frequent seizures, the risk of developing a heart attack or coronary death increases within three months up to 25%. The loyalty program and regular promotions complement this generous welcome bonus perfectly for active players. To activate the welcome offer, remember to use 1xbet free promo code today when filling out the registration form, and after joining you will earn bonus points from every bet you place. These points can be exchanged for additional promo codes in the Promo Code Store, giving you ongoing value beyond the initial €/$130 welcome bonus. You will also have access to weekend offers like up to €100 on Fridays, plus exclusive promotions based on your country and betting preferences.